Search tool providing optional use of human search guides

ABSTRACT

A method and system providing optional use of human search guides to allow a user to select between a human guide assisted search and an automated search. The user is provided with an option of submitting a query requesting assistance of one or more human guides, initiating a search without requesting assistance from human guide(s) using automated results, or a combination of both.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is related to and claims the benefit of U.S.Application Ser. No. 60/807,420, filed Jul. 14, 2006, inventor Scott A.Jones, et al., titled A SEARCH TOOL PROVIDING OPTIONAL USE OF HUMANSEARCH GUIDES and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No.11/336,928, titled A SCALABLE SEARCH SYSTEM USING HUMAN SEARCHERS,inventor Scott A. Jones, filed Jan. 23, 2006 and U.S. application Ser.No. 11/469,732 titled A SEARCH TOOL PROVIDING OPTIONAL USE OF HUMANSEARCH GUIDES, inventor Scott A. Jones, filed Sep. 1, 2006, in theUnited States Patent and Trademark Office, the disclosures of both ofwhich are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

1. Field

The present invention is directed to an automated tool for a search and,more particularly, to providing search options including submitting asearch to human guide(s) and/or searching without assistance of humanguide(s).

2. Description of the Related Art

An Internet search engine available from Google®, Yahoo®, etc., may beutilized to conduct a search and sometimes desired information isobtained from results returned by the search engine. Such search enginesprovide a user with a list of search results, forcing the user to lookthrough the list of results to obtain needed information. Further, auser may be required to repeat a search using a different search engineor another resource to retrieve relevant results. While some searchengines and other resources available over the Internet provide betterresults for searches conducted in relation to a specific subject matter,a user must generally have experience in conducting searches todetermine which resource(s) produce relevant information for a givensubject matter.

Meta search engines such as Jux2™, Dogpile®, etc., submit a query tomultiple search engines and return results from the search engines;however, search engines, Internet directories such as LookSmart® andother similar information resources provide comprehensive listings ofweb pages believed to be relevant to providing an answer to a querysubmitted by a user and require the user to conduct additional searchingto locate desired information.

Attempts have been made to have humans answer users' questions via avariety of mechanisms including via e-mail, information posted atwebsites, and via library reference desks that are connected to usersvia “chat” sessions. However, there are many limitations imposed bythese and other offerings including having limited pools of “experts”,having latency in delivering results, having helpers who are notsufficiently knowledgeable or targeted provide optimal results, etc. Inaddition, these offerings do not identify search resources without thequestion being submitted to a human and do not address situations wherea user may not want to submit the question to be answered by a human,for example, due to privacy concerns, difficulty phrasing a query orquestion, desire to see immediate results and/or learn about a subjectinstead of being simply provided with an answer, or for any other reasonfor searching for information oneself.

Although various types of search engines and other resources areavailable for locating information via the Internet, there is a need fora search tool enabling optional use of human search guide(s) and/orresource(s) selected by the human search guide(s) to increaseprobability of obtaining relevant results.

SUMMARY

A system and method are disclosed for optional use of human searchguides by allowing a user to select between a human assisted search andan automated search and initiating a search responsive to the selection.

The system and method provide an infrastructure to enable human searchguide(s) to conduct a search when requested by a user, to allow the userto conduct the search without the human search guide(s) when assistanceis not requested and a combination of both.

When requested to assist a user, a guide may provide results based on asearch using typical search engine(s) and/or information obtained by theguide that is beyond what is currently available via typical searchengines.

The system includes a user device allowing a user to enter a query andselect one of an automated and human assisted search and a systeminitiating a search responsive to the selection.

An interface is disclosed that includes a query field for entering aquery to be searched and a selection control indicating whether thequery is to be searched by one of a human and automatically.

The method disclosed provides selectable options for submitting a query,directs the query to a human guide for a search upon selection of afirst of the selectable options and executes the search withoutrequiring the human guide upon selection of a second of the selectableoptions.

The method and system disclosed allow selection between a human assistedsearch, an automated search and both the human assisted search and theautomated search for initiating a search.

The disclosed method and system provide a default way to get results forusers (information seekers) when human guides are not available, when aquery is submitted for a search without requesting human guideassistance, or when human guide(s) are not performing sufficiently fastor producing sufficiently relevant results where these “last resort”answers may be provided by relaying the query to traditional searchengines and returning results to users, similar to the operation ofmeta-search engines in which users may be able to pick the defaultsearch engine to use as the “default” solution.

These together with other aspects and advantages which will besubsequently apparent, reside in the details of construction andoperation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, whereinlike numerals refer to like parts throughout.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system configured to perform submissionof search request(s) and delivery of results.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart for optional use of human guide(s) assistance fora search.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart for handling a request.

FIG. 4 is an exemplary graphical user interface providing an option forinitiating a search without guide assistance.

FIG. 5 is an exemplary screen shot of a window displaying resource(s)used for a search without guide assistance.

FIG. 6A is an exemplary display window providing resource(s) used for asearch request without guide assistance.

FIG. 6B is an exemplary display window for modifying resource(s) usedfor a search request without guide assistance.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are exemplary interfaces for providing preliminaryresults while a guide-assisted search is executed and access tounassisted search results.

FIGS. 7C and 7D are exemplary interfaces for providing search results.

FIG. 8 is a flow diagram illustrating determination of resource(s) for asearch request without guide assistance.

FIG. 8A is a flow diagram illustrating providing resource(s) for asearch request without guide assistance.

FIG. 9 is a table relationship diagram illustrating correlation betweencategories and resources.

FIG. 10 is an exemplary graphical user interface providing an option forautomated and guide assisted search.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart for handling a query.

FIGS. 12A and 12B are exemplary interfaces for executing search relatedfunctions.

FIG. 13 is an exemplary search interface for executing searches.

FIG. 14 is an exemplary user interface for providing automated resultswith an option for requesting a guide-assisted search.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodimentsdiscussed herein, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elementsthroughout. The embodiments are described below to explain the disclosedsystem and method by referring to the figures. It will nevertheless beunderstood that no limitation of the scope is thereby intended, suchalterations and further modifications in the illustrated device, andsuch further applications of the principles as illustrated therein beingcontemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to whichthe embodiments relate.

To overcome drawbacks of known search tools, the disclosed systemprovides a choice between submitting a request to human search guide(s),conducting a search without guide assistance, or a combination of thetwo. A request submitted by an information seeker (a user) may be afully-formed question, or other sentence, keyword(s) or a search phrase,such as, for example, “what is the closing time of Chez Panisse,” “whowon the 1960 World Series,” information pertaining to a medical illness,or any other type of query. A guide (also referred to herein as aprovider, a searcher or a PaidSearcher™) may be a human searcher who hasregistered to handle requests and may be a professional, an amateurand/or a volunteer searcher, as disclosed in U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 11/336,928, titled A SCALABLE SEARCH SYSTEM USING HUMANSEARCHERS, inventor Scott A. Jones, filed Jan. 23, 2006. A user (alsoreferred to herein as an information seeker or InfoSeeker™) is usedherein to refer to a person or a web service submitting a search requestseeking information for said user or on behalf of another person ororganization.

FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a system 20 for receiving searchrequest(s) and delivering result(s) in response to the searchrequest(s). As shown in FIG. 1, the system 20 may include user devices22 including user device 22 a through 22 n. Each user device 22 may be adesktop or laptop computer system, a handheld computer such as apersonal digital assistant (PDA), a basic cellular telephone, atext-enabled cellular telephone or any other general purpose device thatallows a user to submit a request. The user devices 22 may also betypical touch-tone telephones, two-way radios or any other communicationdevice that allows the user to talk over a distance. The communicationsystem can include packet switched facilities, such as the Internet,circuit switched facilities, such as the public switched telephonenetwork, radio based facilities, such as a wireless network, etc. Searchrequests from users are submitted to system 20 using user devices 22coupled with server 26 via network 24.

The system 20 includes database 28 accessible by the server 26. Thedatabase 28 may maintain information about guides, requests submittedfrom the user devices 22, results generated by the guides in response tothe requests, and resources utilized by the guides to obtain the resultsincluding information previously gathered by guides and category orkeyword in relation to requests and/or results. For example, thedatabase 28 may maintain a record related to a category or a keyword ofa submitted request, and/or resource(s) utilized for returning resultsto the request. A table relationship diagram illustrating a record ofresources used by guides and/or providers for conducting searchespertaining to a category is explained in further detail below withrespect to FIG. 9.

The resources maintained in the database 28 may include search engines,Internet directories, private databases accessible to users such as adatabase of information previously gathered by guide(s), results storedbased on previous requests including data obtained by guide(s) fromnon-electronic sources such as a book, knowledge base of the guide, etc.However, the information maintained in the database 28 is not limited toany particular type and may include results obtained using typicalsearch capabilities that utilize spidering, indexing, page ranking,etc., including current information retrieval procedures utilized bysearch engines such as Google®, Yahoo®, MSN®, etc. In one embodiment,system 20 provides an option of submitting a request from the userdevices 22 for a guide assisted search 30 via the network 32 or anotheroption of directly submitting a request from a user to resource(s)identified in the database 28 based on keywords or categories extractedfrom the request, when the user opts to conduct the search without guideassistance.

The database 28 may include cross-linked entries for query, keyword,guide, user, advertisement, keyword and categories. Within thesestructures, there include entries for logged-in status of guide orsearcher (availability), rank (or weighting) of guide rank (orweighting) of keyword, guide statistics such as number of searches,number of accepted (by user) searches, user identification (and/or IPaddress of user), name, address, demographics about users and guides,search results, advertisements (game, video, text, audio, etc.),advertisement statistics, accounting information, anonymity flags foruser and guide, guide availability, query clarification and request, andan indication as to whether the guide is available for general searches,query follow-on, etc. The statistics information for a guide may includethe total number of searches, the number of successful searches, theaverage speed of the guide, the latency of the guide before starting andending a search, the average number of results returned by the guide,the availability time of the guide, etc.

The server 26 connected with guide systems 34 via network 32 may receivesearch requests from the user devices 22, and when requested to do so byusers (information seekers) of the user devices 22, submits the searchrequests to one or more of the guide systems 34 to perform a search,e.g., as disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/336,928. Forexample, when a user submits a search request in system 20 seekinginformation and selects an option for human guide assistance inconducting a search, the server 26 submits the request to one or more ofthe guide systems 34 via the network 32.

The server 26 processes arriving search requests (queries) bydetermining which guides or searchers are available to search for theinformation being requested, based upon factors such as the guides beinglogged in, guides who are signed up for a keyword or category, theranking of the guide based on previous performance, etc. The server 26may also determine if a particular query has been queried previously andcan send a response to a user with previously obtained search resultswithout necessarily invoking a human guide.

Similar to the user devices 22, the guide systems 34 may be any text- orspeech-based systems such as a desktop or laptop system, a handhelddevice such as a PDA, a cellular telephone, a specialized terminal, orany other source that allows a guide to receive and respond to a requestsubmitted via text or speech entry.

When a guide registers with the system 20, the guide may identify acategory, keyword, or an area of interest for which the guide is willingto accept search requests. Accordingly, when a request is submitted fromone of the user devices 22 requesting guide assistance, the system 20correlates the request with one or more guides based on one or morecategory, keyword or area of interest related to the requests. Forexample, when a user submits a search request pertaining to the category“literature” and requests guide assistance, the search request isdelivered to one or more of the guides registered for the category“literature.”

A searcher may sign up for multiple keywords in a query, (e.g. a guidemight be signed up for both “baseball” and “world series”), then thatkeyword guide may take priority over fewer-keyword guide candidates whoare only signed up for fewer matching keywords in the search queryphrase (e.g. a guide or searcher who is signed up for either “baseball”or “world series” but not both).

If no guide is identified for a query phrase, then the server 26 caneither forward the query to “generalist searchers” who will attempt toanswer queries in any category. Alternatively, the system 20 may shuttlethe query to another search engine and/or meta-search engine in anattempt to provide the user with a base level of functionality that isnever worse than other search engines. The results are passed back tothe user. Also, the query may be passed to a system of experts whoanswer questions on a website such as Google® Answers or Yahoo® Answers,and the user may be given a pointer to the location of the query whichmay be answered in the future. These systems may not give real-timefeedback, but the user may check back in the future.

When a user opts to conduct a search without guide assistance, therequest input by the user may be submitted to resource(s) used by guidesregistered for handling requests pertaining to the subject matter of therequest. The resource(s) may be supplied to the user based on variousfactors such as subject matter or category of the request submitted bythe user, use of the resource(s) by guide(s) for one or more previoussearches related to the request, resources selected by systemadministrator(s) or highly expert searcher(s) selected by the systemadministrator(s) as being most likely to produce relevant results, etc.For example, when a user's request relates to the category “health” and60% of guide(s) registered for handling searches related to the category“health” use the web site WebMD.com as a resource for retrievinginformation, the request submitted by the user may be submitted to asearch tool at the WebMD.com site, and the results of this “unassistedsearch” may be supplied to the user. Alternatively, when a user opts toconduct a search without a guide, the search might be performed usingtypical search engine capabilities including those employed by Google®,Yahoo®, MSN®, Ask®, etc. In other words, searching without a guide mayor may not utilize resources that were picked by a human guide.Resources and results might also be located using spidering (or webcrawling), indexing, page ranking and any other information retrievalcriteria that may be used to obtain results.

As such, even when a user conducts a search without guide assistance,the probability of obtaining relevant results is increased by supplyingresults to the user from resource(s) used by human guides for conductingsearches related to the category or keyword of the user's request. Whena keyword has no resources associated with it, then resource(s) of thecategory of the keyword may be utilized. When no resources are availablefor a given keyword and/or category, then general purpose resources maybe utilized, including general search engines such as Dogpile®, Google®,MSN®, Yahoo®, etc., or any other source that may be used to obtaininformation. When no keyword or category can be identified in thesearch, general resource(s) are used. While this is similar to a searchby a single or meta search engine, in one embodiment it may only occuras a last resort, and the request can be easily re-submitted to a guideif the results are unsatisfactory.

A user opting to conduct a search without guide assistance may also beprovided with information stored in the database 28 including responsesto previous requests, data gathered by guide(s) for responding torequests, etc., which may be utilized to produce automated results inresponse to a request by the user. For example, a guide knowledgeable ina particular subject matter may memorialize information pertaining tothe subject matter, which in turn may be provided as an automated resultto a user opting to conduct a search without guide assistance.

FIG. 2 illustrates process 10 for providing optional use of humanguide(s) for conducting a search. As shown in FIG. 2, process 10 beginsby receiving 12 a query for a search. After receiving 12 the query,process 10 moves to providing 13 a first option for conducting thesearch without human guide(s) assistance and a second option requestingassistance from the human guide(s) for the search. For example, when auser submits a request to the system 20 (FIG. 1), the user is promptedto select from first and second options provided 13, using which theuser may opt to conduct the search without guide assistance or requestguide assistance for conducting the search, respectively.

Subsequent to providing 13 first and second options, the process 10moves to determining selection 14 of the first option for conducting thesearch without human guide(s) assistance. When determining selection 14of the first option, process 10 continues by determining whetherpreviously searched results match 17 the query. When determining thatthere is one or more previously searched results matching 17 the query,process 10 moves to providing 19 matching previous results in responseto the query. For example, one or more previous search results generatedin response to a previous query pertaining to the final four teams ofthe 2006 NCAA Basketball Championship may be provided as a response to acurrent query pertaining to a similar subject matter. The matching 17may include comparing keyword(s) of the current query with thekeyword(s) of previous queries for an exact, partial or fuzzy (highlysimilar) match. On the other hand, upon determination that there are noprevious search results matching the query, process 10 submits the queryto one or more resources and returns automated results 15 in response tothe query.

When determining that the first option is not selected, process 10 movesto directing 16 the query to the human guide(s). For example, a user whohas knowledge of resources capable of returning relevant results forsearches pertaining to a particular subject matter may opt to conduct asearch without guide assistance while the same user may choose to submita query directed to another subject matter and request a guide assistedsearch.

A query may be submitted to one or more resources for returningautomated results 15 using existing information retrieval procedureswhen a user selects to conduct a search without assistance of humanguide(s). For example, known methods of browsing through informationindexed by existing search engines or indexed “in-house” such asprevious search results stored in a database may be used to generateautomated results when a user selects to search without assistance fromhuman guide(s).

After the query is directed 16 to the human guide(s), results generated18 by the human guide(s) are provided in response to the query. Incontrast to the automated results 15 returned in response to selection14 to conduct the search without human guide(s), the search is conductedby the human guide(s) by directing 16 the query to the human guide(s).For example, a guide having knowledge of a particular subject matter mayexecute a real-time search in response to the query, generate results inresponse thereto and provide the results to the user who selected torequest assistance from the guide.

An exemplary process 40 providing an option of using identifiedresource(s) for a search is illustrated in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3,process 40 begins by receiving 42 a request from a user. As previouslydiscussed, a request may be any type of inquiry or keyword(s) pertainingto which a user is seeking information. For example, a user may submit arequest regarding the show time and location of a movie within aparticular zip code, information pertaining to a medical illness, or anyother type of query.

Using the request from the user, process 40 moves to extracting 44keyword(s) and/or a category from the request. Next, process 40 moves todetermining 46 whether guide assistance is requested for handling thesearch or request. For example, a user may be inexperienced in thesubject matter of the request, unable to locate relevant information,under a time constraint, etc., and may want a guide to conduct a search.On the other hand, a user may be an experienced searcher, may have adesire to review results from the best resource(s) for locatinginformation of a particular subject matter, or may want to conduct asearch without guide assistance due to the nature of the query, or forany other reason. If it is determined that guide assistance is notdesired, process 40 moves to identifying 48 resource(s) to be used forsubmission of the request for a search to be conducted without guideassistance. When such a search is conducted, process 40 ends byproviding 50 the search results to the user.

If it was determined 46 that guide assisted search was selected, process40 continues by determining 52 availability of guide(s) to handle thesearch request. The determination of whether guide(s) are availableincludes determining whether any of the guide(s) registered for theidentified keyword(s)/category with the system 20 (FIG. 1) are currentlyavailable to handle requests. For example, when a search request relatesto the category “literature”, determining guide availability 52 includeschecking whether there are any guide(s) registered for handling requestsfor the category “literature” are able to conduct the search request.However, determination of guide availability 52 is not limited to anyparticular criteria, for example, any factor for verifying availabilityof a provider may be used.

When determining 52 that there are no available guides, process 40continues to identifying 48 resource(s) to be used for submission of therequest. For example, resources such as WebMD.com, NIH.com, etc., may beidentified as resources for requests pertaining to the category“health”, while ESPN.com®, NBA.com®, etc., may be identified asresources for requests pertaining to the category “basketball.” However,the resources are not limited to any particular type of resources andmay include Internet directories, meta search engines, informationaccumulated by guide(s) pertaining to any category or keyword and anyother source that may be utilized for obtaining information.Determination of default resource(s) is explained in detail below withrespect to FIG. 9.

Identifying 48 resource(s) may include determining resources mostfrequently used by guide(s) for seeking information related to aparticular category or keyword. For example, when a significant numberof guide(s) registered to handle requests pertaining to the category“health” utilize the web site NIH.com as a resource for seekinginformation, the NIH.com site may be provided as a default resource whena request pertaining to the category “health” is received. Identifying48 resource(s) may also include determining resource(s) selected byguides, for example, based on prior success using a particular resource,speed and/or quality of results returned from a resource, or any otherfactor that may have contributed to increasing quality and experience ofsearches for guides. The identified 48 resource(s) may be modified asneeded, for example, as the guides' experience develops.

When a user requests guide assistance, process 40 submits 54 the searchrequest to guide(s), e.g., as disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser.No. 11/336,928. As described above with respect to FIG. 1, requests fromthe user devices 22 may be transmitted from a typical desktop or laptopsystem, a handheld computer such as a personal digital assistant (PDA),a basic cellular telephone, a text-enabled cellular telephone, aspecialized query terminal, or any other source that allows a user toenter a query via text or speech entry. (Note: the words “speech” and“voice” are used interchangeably in this discussion). Information may beexchanged via communication systems including packet switchedfacilities, such as the Internet, circuit switched facilities, such asthe public switched telephone network, radio based facilities, such as awireless network, etc.

The search request is delivered to one or more guides via the guidesystems 34 (FIG. 1). Submitting 54 the search request to guide(s)includes transmitting the search request to one or more guide systems34. In a case where a user chooses a combination of submitting a requestto the guide(s) and conducting a search without guide assistance andautomated results have been provided to the user, the guide(s) may beprovided with a message indicating that the automated results have beenprovided to the user (FIG. 11). Process 40 completes a guide-assistedsearch by providing 56 results from the guide(s) in response to therequest.

An exemplary embodiment of a graphical user interface (GUI) 60 providingan option for submitting a request without guide assistance isillustrated in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 4, a query screen 62 isdisplayed to a user or information seeker who has a need to locateinformation. The query screen 62 includes search query entry field 64enabling input of a request identifying information sought by the user,which may be a keyword, query, a fully-formed question, sentence, etc.

The query screen 62 may include a first button or widget 66 fortriggering a guide-assisted search and a second button or widget 68 forselecting a search without a guide. While buttons 66 and 68 are shown aspush buttons in FIG. 4, any type of user interface for providing anoption for submitting a guide assisted search request or selecting asearch without guide assistance may be used. For example, the GUI 60 mayinclude a drop-down menu, an icon providing a single selection control,a pair of radio buttons and a search button, or the like, for selectinga search with or without a guide. As mentioned above, a user or aninformation seeker may want to conduct a search without a guide for avariety of reasons including privacy concerns, search experience,expertise in a particular field, etc., or any other reason that maycause the user to believe guide assistance is unnecessary or undesired.

When button 68 is selected, the system 20 (FIG. 1) forwards the query tothe resource(s) identified 48 by process 40 (FIG. 3). The resource(s)may include resource(s) currently most popular among guide(s) associatedwith category or keyword of the request, top resources selected byguide(s), resource(s) defined for each category by the systemadministrator(s), etc. As such, results may be directly returned to theuser without any assistance from a guide using resource(s) identified 48based on the request, including resource(s) previously selected by humanguide(s) who may be able to better evaluate resources that returnrelevant results than the InfoSeeker™. The resources used to supplyresults to a user opting to conduct a search without guide assistanceare preferably selected based on keyword(s), category, or subject matterof the request. For example, a weighting may be attached to a keywordfor determining how influential the keyword is within a request stringwith respect to other text in the request and resource(s) associatedwith the weighted keyword(s) may be used in conducting a search withouta guide. The system 20 (FIG. 1) may also be configured to disregardcommonly used words (“stop words”) such as “the”, “a”, “of”, etc., thatappear in a query string when submitting the query to resource(s) for asearch and/or obtaining results in response to the search.

Alternatively, when button 68 is selected, the system 20 (FIG. 1) mayretrieve responses previously returned in response to requests from thedatabase 28 and present the responses to a user opting to search withouta guide. For example, previous responses addressing a query directed toa category or keyword query similar to that of the user's query may beobtained from the database 28 (FIG. 1) and automatically returned to theuser without assistance from a guide. The previous responses may bepresented one at a time in a rank order, for example, based onrelevancy, or all stored responses pertaining to a category or keywordmatching the user's query may be presented at one time. The system 20(FIG. 1) may also limit the number of stored responses returned to auser opting to search without a guide. However, the present invention isnot limited to any particular criteria of providing results to usersopting to search without a guide. For example, a user may be presentedwith a list of previous responses stored in the database 28 (FIG. 1)including data related to the responses such as create date/time,identity of guide(s) generating the responses, rating, etc., grouped bycategory, thereby allowing the user (InfoSeeker™) to select response(s)relevant to the user's query from the list.

When a user selects the button 66 triggering a guide-assisted search,the server 26 (FIG. 1) passes the request to guide system(s) 34 toproduce search results. Assigning the request to one or more ofavailable guide(s) may be implemented in various ways including asdiscussed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/336,928, including butnot limited to determining which guides or searchers are available tosearch for the information being requested, based upon factors such asthe guides being logged in, searchers who are signed up for a keyword,or category, or the ranking of the guide based on previous performance.The query screen 62 may further includes an indicator 67 advising a useras to whether guide(s) are available. The GUI 60 may also provideinformation pertaining to the number of guides currently online, thenumber of online guides that are in an interactive search session with auser, etc.

FIG. 5 illustrates a GUI 70 for providing results from resources used inresponse to a search request without a guide. As shown in FIG. 5, theGUI 70 includes window 72, search query entry field 74 and search button76. The window 72 includes results 82 b and 84 b returned for a searchconducted for the request in the search query entry field 74 usingresources 82 and 84, respectively. For example, results 82 b arereturned from Amazon.com® (resource 82) and results 84 b are returnedfrom Yahoo.com® (resource 84) based on a search conducted for a requestpertaining to Vincent Van Gogh when the user opted to conduct a searchwithout guide assistance by selecting button 68 (FIG. 4). Whileresources 82 and 84 are provided in FIG. 5, the claimed invention is notlimited to supplying any particular type or number of resources forconducting a search without a guide. For example, three or more topresource(s) used for searches by guide(s) associated with a category maybe provided to a user opting to conduct a search without guideassistance.

Resources utilized for obtaining results in response to a search requestwithout a guide may be modified using a button 71. For example, a useropting to search without assistance from a guide may choose to executethe search using resource(s) with which the user is most familiar within addition to resource(s) most frequency used by guides associated witha category related to a query submitted by the user. Althoughmodification of resource(s) is discussed with respect to the button 71,other interfaces such as menu options, etc., may be utilized to enable auser to configure a resource to be used for searching without a guide.

Information content of resources 82 and 84 are displayed using rendererwindows embedded within the window 72. The information from theresources 82 and 84 may include text, images, links, videos, HTML, XML,XHTML, cascading style sheets, Java Script, etc., or other electronicdata available over the Internet and/or from a local network. The window72 may include N number of renderers representative of various resourcesused by guide(s) associated with a particular category or keyword forproviding guide-selected resources of the category to a user who opts toconduct a search without guide assistance.

The window 72 includes GUI elements 90 a, 90 b, 90 c, 90 d, 90 e, 90 ffor viewing contents displayed by each renderer of results from aresource. Specifically, GUI elements 90 a and 90 b enable scrolling fromone side of a frame to another, GUI elements 90 d and 90 e enablescrolling up and down within a frame and GUI elements 90 c and 90 fprovide quicker navigation through results from the resources. The GUIelements 90 a through 90 f may be similar to typical graphical userinterfaces of application programs that provide navigationalcapabilities. However, the present invention is not limited to anyparticular navigation component for browsing through informationdisplayed in frames whose contents are generated by renderer. Forexample, when information accumulated from the private database of aguide is provided via the window 72, browsing through the informationmay be via clicking on a link, selecting a checkbox, etc.

The renderers displayed in the window 72 refer to components includingscripts, programs, browsers and Web servers involved with presentingcontents of resources. The content delivered using the renderers mayinclude HTML, DHTML, script code, etc., that was either dynamicallygenerated by a Web Server, associated programs and/or server-sidescripts. As mentioned above, the GUI elements 90 may be used for viewingcontents displayed in the renderers including navigating throughdelimited areas (e.g., frames) within a browsers' presentation spacethat may have their own display characteristics, content, scripts and/orborders.

The window 72 may further include advertisement frame 78 displayingadvertisement information, which in one embodiment includes guideselected real-time advertisements related to a category or keyword of arequest submitted. For example, guide(s) may pre-select information ofsuppliers providing prints of Vincent Van Gogh paintings to be displayedin the advertisement frame 78 when a search directed to Van Gogh isrequested. Information provided via the advertisement frame 78 mayinclude video, music, games, web links, etc. that will interact withyand is preferably displayed to, the user while the search is beingperformed and continues after the search results are displayed.Alternatively, information provided in the advertisement frame 78 may bechosen by the server 26 (FIG. 1). For example, the server 26 may selectinformation to be supplied to the advertisement frame 78 based on a timeof day, an estimated time for completion of a search, etc.

As discussed above, FIG. 5 illustrates GUI 70 displaying resources usedfor a search request without a guide. When a search request of adifferent category or subject matter is submitted for conducting asearch without a guide, GUI 100 shown in FIG. 6A may be provided fordisplaying results from resources. As shown in FIG. 6A, GUI 100 includeswindow 102 including a search button 76 for triggering a search and asearch query entry field 74 containing a request pertaining to thecategory basketball. Similar to window 72 (FIG. 5), the window 102includes results 104 b and 106 b returned for a search pertaining tobasketball using resources 104 and 106, respectively. For example,results 104 b are returned from Answers.com® (resource 104) and results106 b are returned from Google.com® (resource 106) based on a searchconducted for a request directed to the category basketball.

The window 102 includes advertisement frame 78 a displaying informationincluding text, video, music, games, web links, etc. while a search fora request entered in the search query entry field 74 is being performed.Similar to the window 72 (FIG. 5), window 102 includes GUI elements 90a, 90 b, 90 c, 90 d, 90 e, 90 f for viewing contents displayed withineach renderer of information of a resource.

The GUI 70 shown in FIG. 5 enables a user to modify resources to be usedfor a search using the button 71, GUI 101 in FIG. 6B presents a list ofresources 105 in a resource pain 103 that may be chosen to pass thequery in search query entry field 74 to selected resource(s) includinginternal or “in-house” resources such as a privately indexed set of dataor search results from previous searches. One or more of the listedresources 105 may be selected by placing a checkmark in a correspondingone of the checkboxes 107 next to the resource and may be de-selected byremoving a checkmark next to a resource indicated as being selected. Forexample, a user opting to search without assistance of guide(s) or aguide assisting a user with a search may select additional resource(s)from the list of resources 105 to get results in addition to the results1 04 b and 106 b using the additional resources selected. Accordingly, auser or guide, depending on who is executing a search, may selectresource(s) from the list of resources 105 and cause a query to be sentto the selected resource(s) in real-time at the user's or guide'scontrol. Alternatively, resources 105 may be clicked on individually fora one-time use rather than checking the checkboxes 107. In this mode,the query text may be sent to the resource for a one-time look-up ofresults from that resource. This has the benefit of not having toconstantly update resources.

As an alternate embodiment of the GUI 60 illustrated in FIG. 4, FIGS. 7Aand 7B illustrate a search interface 110 for providing preliminaryresults while conducting a guide-assisted search and access tounassisted search result(s) according to another disclosed embodiment.As shown in FIG. 7A, the search interface 110 includes a query screen112 providing a search query box 114 for entering a request and a searchbutton 116 for initiating a guide-assisted search for the request in thesearch query box 114.

When the search button 116 is selected, the search interface 110displays window 118 illustrated in FIG. 7B. The window 118 includes achat window 126 enabling instant messaging capability for conducting achat with a guide while the search is being performed. Instant messagingor chat session capability provided via the chat window 126 may beprovided via VOIP or any other technology enabling instant interactionand may be used to indicate progress of the search being performed. Thewindow 118 further includes an advertisement window 124 providingadvertisements selected in relation to a request in the search query box114, or any advertisement supplied by the server 26 (FIG. 1). Theadvertisement window 124 may contain text, images (e.g., JPEG, GIF,etc.), a video, an applet, links, multimedia objects implemented usingFlash, Java, etc. The contents of the advertisement window 124 may beselected in the same manner as described above with regard to FIGS. 5,6A and 6B.

As shown in FIG. 7B, the window 118 includes a preliminary resultswindow 120 displaying results produced by one or more guides performinga search for the request and an automatic results button 122 fordisplaying results automatically generated by an unassisted search, asdescribed above. For example, when a guide-assisted search request issubmitted and a guide begins performing a search in relation to therequest, initial results obtained by the guide may be displayed in thepreliminary results window 120. However, if the InfoSeeker™ is impatientand preliminary results are not being displayed quickly enough, theautomatic results button 122 may be selected to display results of anunassisted search.

The window 118 may provide the unassisted (automatic) search results inthe preliminary results window 120 integrated with the preliminaryresults or in a separate window, such as those illustrated in FIGS. 5,6A and 6B. For example, both preliminary results returned from a guideand automatic results from one resource at a time could be displayed byadding frame 128. In any of these alternatives, the user is providedwith preliminary results from guide(s) and automatic results and maychoose to review any of these the results while the guide(s) continue toperform the search. The window 120 may also be used to displayautomatically provided search results while the guide is building theguide-assisted or “deep web” search results.

Typically, the frame 128 may include links that look similar to those ofcurrent search engines. Alternatively, actual text, graphics, audio,video, or other information files may be displayed in the frame 128 by asearcher dragging and dropping such files to the results frame, similarto what is accomplished with operating systems such as Windows wherefiles may be copied by dragging and dropping to another location.

The results of the unassisted search in response to selection of theautomatic results button 122 (FIG. 7B) may be algorithmically-selectedand/or produced using human-selected resources (or results). Further,subsequent to being presented with automated results, the user(InfoSeeker™) may choose to execute a guide-assisted search. Aninterface for presenting automated results with an option for conductinga guide-assisted search is explained in further detail below withrespect to FIGS. 7C and 7D.

As shown in FIG. 7C, the search interface 110 a includes a query screen112 a providing a search query box 114 a for entering a request and asearch button 116 a for initiating a search pertaining to the request inthe search query box 114 a. For example, in some cases, it may bedesirable for the user (InfoSeeker™) to execute an automated searchusing algorithmically-selected and/or human-selected resources (orresults) in lieu of or prior to a human-assisted interactive search. Inthis case, the system 20 (FIG. 1) may provide the search interface 112 ashown in FIG. 7C which may be similar to a conventional search querywindow, and the option to select a human-assisted search for a query maybe offered after an automated search on the query has been performed.

When the search button 116 a in FIG. 7C is selected to conduct a searchrelated to the request in the search query box 114 a, the searchinterface 110 a displays window 113 illustrated in FIG. 7D. The window113 shown in FIG. 7D includes a query box 114 b, a search button 115, asearch with guide button 117 and results 119. The query entered in thesearch query box 114 a may be displayed in the query box 114 b in thewindow 113 along with results 119. Subsequent to viewing the results119, the user may modify the query in the query box 114 b and select thesearch button 115 for an unassisted search or submit the query totrigger a guide-assisted search via the search with guide button 117.

An exemplary process 130 for determining resource(s) and performing asearch is illustrated in FIG. 8. As shown in FIG. 8, process 130 beginsby determining keyword(s)/category 132 of a search request. For example,a search request pertaining to “Michael Jordan” may be determined to berelated to the category “basketball” while a search request pertainingto “diabetes” may be determined to be related to the category “health”or the keyword “diabetes” if defined. As previously discussed, a requestmay be any type of inquiry or keyword(s) pertaining to which a user isseeking information. When a request is a sentence, the system 20(FIG. 1) may determine strength of words contained in the sentence anddetermine category 132 of the “strongest” word. For example, the lastname “Jordan” may be weighted higher than the first name “Michael” fordetermining the category of the search request pertaining to “MichaelJordan.”

Subsequent to determining category 132 of the search request, process130 moves to determining resource(s) 134 associated with the category.Determination of resource(s) 134 for a category may include ranking allresource(s) utilized by guide(s) of a particular category anddetermining the top three resources as resources of that particularcategory. For example, resources such as the web sites WebMD.com,NIH.com, CDC.gov may be the top three most used resources used forconducting searches pertaining to the category health and thus, may bedesignated as resources associated with the category health forunassisted searches. Similarly, the sites ESPN.com®, NBA.com®, NCAA.commay be the top three most used resources for requests pertaining to thecategory basketball and thus, may be designated as resources associatedwith the category basketball for unassisted searches.

Subsequent to determining resource(s) 134 associated with thekeyword(s)/category, process 130 continues by executing 136 a search viathe determined resources. Using the same example discussed above, therequest pertaining to health is submitted to search tools at the sitesWebMD.com, NIH.com, CDC.gov and the request pertaining to basketball issubmitted to the sites ESPN.com®, NBA.com®, NCAA.com.

When results are obtained by executing the search 136, process 130 movesto providing results 1 38 of the search to the user. As illustrated inFIGS. 5 and 6, results returned for each resource may be rendered in acorresponding frame. For example, for the request pertaining to thecategory health discussed above, a renderer is provided for displayingeach of the results returned from the sites WebMD.com, NIH.com andCDC.gov, and similarly, renderers are provided for displaying theresults returned from the sites ESPN.com®, NBA.com®, NCAA.com,respectively, for the request pertaining to the category “basketball.”

An exemplary process 140 for providing resource(s) to a user isillustrated in FIG. 8A. As shown in FIG. 8A, process 140 begins bydetermining keyword(s)/category 142 of a search request. For example, asearch request pertaining to “Dikembe Mutombo” may be determined to berelated to the category “basketball” and/or charitable organizations. Asdiscussed above, determination of keyword(s)/category 142 may be basedon keyword(s)/category determination of previous search requests havinga similar content, strength of a keyword in the request, etc.

Subsequent to determining keyword(s)/category 142 of the search request,process 140 moves to determining resource(s) 144 for the search requestbased on the keyword(s)/category. For example, resources such as searchengines, Internet directories, web sites, etc., frequently used byguides handling searches pertaining to the keyword(s)/category may bedetermined as resource(s) for the search request.

Subsequent to determining resource(s) 144 for the search request,process 140 continues by providing 146 the resource(s) to a user. Usingthe same example discussed above, a user submitting the search requestor a guide handling the search request may be provided with searchengines, Internet directories, web sites, etc., that are determined tobe relevant for the search request. After providing 146 the resource(s)to the user, process 140 allows the user to make a selection 148 fromthe resource(s). For example, the user submitting the search request maybe provided with a list of web sites that are deemed relevant for thekeyword(s)/category pertaining to the search request from which the usercan select to use for a search.

When a selection 148 is made from the resource(s) provided, process 140moves to triggering 149 a search using the selected resource(s) andproviding results of the search to the user. For example, a search maybe conducted using NBA.com® and ESPN.com® when the request relates tothe keyword “basketball” based on the selection of the user from variousother resources provided as being relevant for the request.

FIG. 9 is a simplified example of a table relationship 200 illustratingcorrelation between categories and resources used for the categories. Asshown in FIG. 9, the table relationship 200 includes correlation ofresource(s) 204 used by guide(s) 202 of the category “arts” forconducting searches with guide(s) 202 associated with the category“arts.” For example, guides 202 a and 202 c, respectively, use resource204 d (NGA.com) while guide 202 b uses resource 204 a (Yahoo.com®) forconducting searches pertaining to the category “arts.” Similarly, thetable relationship 200 includes correlation of resource(s) used byguide(s) 208 of the category “basketball” for performing searches withguide(s) 207 associated with the category “basketball.” Illustratively,guides 207 a and 207 c use resource 208 b (ESPN.com) while guide 207 buses resource 208 a (NCAA.com) for conducting searches pertaining to thecategory “basketball.” While specific resources are mentioned indescribing the table relationship 200, a guide should not be construedto being limited to use of any particular resource. While FIG. 9 showsonly three specific guides for each category and indicates only oneresource utilized by each guide, more or less guides may be associatedwith each category and each guide may use more than one resource forsearches pertaining to the category with which he or she is associated.

The table relationship 200 includes rank of usage 206 of resource(s)used by guides of each category based on usage of the resource(s) forconducting searches in relation to each category. For example, of theresources used by guides 202 of the category “arts”, resource 204 d(NGA.com) ranks the highest while resource 204 b (Ask.com®) ranks thelowest. On the other hand, from the resources used by guides 207 of thecategory “basketball”, resource 208 b (ESPN.com®) is ranked the highestwhile resource 208 b (Yahoo.com®) is ranked the lowest. The ranking ofresources for a particular category may also be weighted based on otherfactors such as use of a resource by a highly experienced guide, qualityof a resource in returning relevant results, etc.

An exemplary embodiment of a GUI 210 providing an option for automatedand guide assisted search is illustrated in FIG. 10. The GUI 60 shown inFIG. 4 provides button or control 66 for triggering a guide-assistedsearch and button 68 for selecting a search without a guide. As shown inFIG. 10, the GUI 210 includes a query screen 62 a having the query box64 and buttons 66, 68 and 69. Similar to GUI 62, buttons 66 and 68 ofthe query screen 62 a initiate a guide-assisted search and a searchwithout a guide, respectively. On the other hand, button or control 69provides an option of an automated and guide assisted search. Forexample, when a user selects button 69, a query is submitted to a searchengine where the user would get back “instant” results and the query issubmitted to guide(s) for returning “deep web” results to the user aftera period of time. This, for example, enables the user to benefit fromboth fast results and “deep web” results produced as a result ofassistance from guide(s).

An exemplary process 220 for handling a query is illustrated in FIG. 11.As shown in FIG. 11, process 220 begins by receiving 222 a request forinitiating a search. As previously discussed, a request may be any typeof inquiry or keyword(s) pertaining to which a user is seekinginformation such as a query regarding show time/location of a movie, amedical illness, etc.

Upon receipt 222 of the query, process 220 moves to presenting 224 firstthrough third options for processing the query. The first through thirdoptions presented 224 provide a choice between submitting a request tohuman search guide(s), conducting a search without guide assistance or acombination of both. For example, a first option may be initiating asearch without guide assistance, a second option may be initiating aguide assisted search and a third option may be a combination ofinitiating a search without guide assistance and a guide assistedsearch.

Of course, if the interface of FIG. 10 is used and the user hassubmitted the query with one of the buttons activated, then presentationof the first through the third option has already occurred and theprocess 220 would proceed directly to determining 226 whether the firstthrough the third options were selected as shown by the dashed line.

In situations when the interface of FIG. 10 is not used, process 220moves to determining 226 whether first or third option is selectedfollowing the presentation 224 of options. Specifically, upon presenting224 first through third options, process 220 determines 226 whether asearch without guide assistance or a combination of a search withoutguide assistance and with a guide is selected. For example, a user undera time constraint may want to initiate a search without a guide suchthat the search engines conduct the search and at the same time mayinitiate a guide assisted search submitting the search to the guidewhile the user conducts the search.

Upon determining 226 that the first or third option is selected, process220 moves to performing 228 automated search and returning results.Using the same example of the user having a limited time for a search,when the user selects the first option for initiating a search without aguide or the third option for initiating a combination of a searchwithout a guide and with a guide, the user will be “instantly” presentedwith automated results. Subsequent to performing 228 automated searchand returning results, process 220 determines whether the third optionis selected 234. When it is determined that the third option is selected234, process 220 sets 236 a message for a guide that automated searchresults have been returned and directs 230 the query to the guide.However, when it is determined that the third option was not selected,process 220 terminates and the system awaits further user input whichmay include submission of a new search request. However, when the userhas selected the third option, the user is presented with automatedresults and further the query is directed to a guide, for example, whilethe user is reviewing the automated results.

Of course, when button 69 (FIG. 10) is selected, the query can besubmitted in parallel to both the search engines and the guide.

On the other hand, upon determining 226 that the first or third optionis not selected, process 220 moves to directing 230 the query to a humanguide. For example, when the query received pertains to the category“world cup soccer 2006”, process 220 determines which of the guidesregistered to the system 20 (FIG. 1) have registered to handle requestspertaining to the same or a similar category and directs the query toone or more of the guides. However, any criteria discussed in U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/336,928 for matching guide(s) to a querysubmitted by a user may be used to direct the query to the guide(s)including but not limited to keyword(s) for which a guide hasregistered, prior successful searching by the guide (for this specifickeyword and/or in general), speed of producing search results for usersduring past searches, and other factors that help to provide a qualitysearch and experience for the user, proximity of the guide to locationfrom which the request originated, etc.

Subsequent to directing 230 the query to the human guide, process 220moves to providing 232 results based on guide assisted search. Forexample, the guide may utilize one or more existing search engines,obtain information from results returned from the search engine(s) andprovide the obtained information as a response to the query.

Thus far, the interface has been described in a manner that assumes thatthe user or information seeker accesses the system via a user devicethat is browser enabled, however the described system and method mayutilize other interfaces within the scope of the disclosure. Forinstance when the user accesses the system via a non-web enabled userdevice, such as via a telephonic device, two way radio or any othercommunication device that allows the user to talk over a distance, avoice and/or DTFM interface may be utilized to present the query and toselect whether the search is to be conducted with or without theassistance of a guide.

The oral speech queries presented by a user or information searcherutilizing a telephone or other voice communication device as the userdevice 22 may be stored in the system database 28 and converted intodigital text queries by a speech translation system either implementedby server 26 or some separate server. Alternatively, the informationseeker's user device 22 may perform this processing. The speechtranslation system translates the speech into text, possibly byinteraction with other systems, or it may perform the task locally. Ahuman or automated operator implemented by the server 26 or someseparate device can receive the communication containing the query fromthe user and present options to have the search conducted of the querywith or without the assistance of a guide. Speech to text conversion maybe performed by using either speech transcription using humantranscribers or using conventional speech-to-text processing, also knownas automatic speech recognition (ASR). The speech queries can originatefrom a user's telephone and can be handled initially via automatedattendant speech prompt type processing (or alternatively, via aninteractive speech response or IVR system) to obtain the user's query.

The speech translation server implemented by the server 26 or as aseparate device keeps track of the port from which the call originatedand assigns a user identifier to the user on this port for a particularsession. The system can prompt the user to speak the query. The speechqueries can also originate from another source called a “speech queryservice requester” (SQSR) rather than directly from the user, such as aprivate or public information provider. For example, a speech query canbe initially processed by a public library telephone system and switchedto the server. The speech query may physically arrive at the system viaa variety of input means, including time-division multiplexed lines,voice over IP (VOIP) packets from an Internet connection, and othersources. The speech query may arrive as a stream or packet or series ofpackets.

The SQSR may communicate with the speech translation server via avariety of mechanisms including an IP-based socket address or via aMicrosoft NET service, making the translation services of widelyavailable via the Internet to any application that wishes to use them.

The packet can then be processed locally at the speech translationserver to convert it from digitized speech into text or, alternatively,it may be processed by a remote system. If the digitized speech is beingtranscribed by human transcribers, this can be accomplished by sendingthe digitized speech to one or more transcriber systems where humantranscribers can hear the speech, for example via headphones orspeakers, and transcribe the information by typing the text into theirsystem, so that the text is then sent back to the speech translationserver (or alternatively, directly to the query server or to the SQSR),all within a matter of seconds (preferably less than 10 seconds afterthe user has finished speaking the query). To speed up processing, thespeech query can be and typically is preferably broken up into a streamof packets and passed to the transcriber, without interruption, as it isbeing spoken by the user, thereby allowing for reduced latency in thesystem. Preferably, there are many more transcribers available in thesystem than there are instantaneous queries so that delays are notinduced into the system. In the case of an overflow of queries, a formof flow control may be utilized by telling some callers that they musthold on the line for an available transcriber (which might be describedto the caller as holding for an operator or agent). Preferably, thespeech translation server maintains a database of all transcribers thatare currently logged-in and available to perform the service oftranscription using a transcription software application on theirtranscription system. Alternatively, this function of tracking theavailability of transcribers might be located on a remote system and/ormight be implemented using a distributed mechanism among transcribersystems (for example, using P2P mechanisms).

The speech translation server may feed continuous sequential speechphrases from various and different sources (e.g. users) to any giventranscriber. Hence, the transcriber is sequentially transcribing, inrapid succession, speech messages from various speakers and creatingseparate text packets that are associated with each speech message.

Once the query is in digital text form, it is provided to the queryserver. The text entry features of cellular telephones can also be usedto enter a query in digital text form allowing users to submit queriestextually from telephones.

When a user accesses the search system utilizing a voice device, in oneembodiment the interface is an automated operator presenting an audioscript that may include an introductory phrase indicating that the userhas reached the search system. The automated operator will the present aphrase requesting that the user state their query in order to receive222 the query. In one embodiment, a speech-to-text engine may convertthe spoken query to digital text to form a digital text version of thequery. A text-to-speech engine converts the digital text version of thequery to a confirmation audio version of the digital text version of thequery. The automated operator will then present the audio version of thedigital text version of the query to the user and request that the userconfirm that the audio version of the digital text version of the queryconforms to the user's desired request. In one version the automatedoperator presents a script phrase to the user requesting that the userconfirm that the audio version of the digital text version of the queryconforms to the user's actual query by stating “yes” if the audio textversion is correct or stating “no” if the audio version is incorrect.Alternatively, if the user has accessed the search service using a touchtone phone, the automated operator may request that the user press “1”on their phone if the audio text version is correct and press “238 ifthe audio version is incorrect. Other alternative methods of confirmingthat the user's query has been correctly been converted to a digitaltext version may also be utilized within the scope of the disclosure. Ifthe user indicates that the digital text version of the query isincorrect, the automated operator may present the request to speak thequery again and repeat the above described process. Alternatively, uponreceiving an indication that the audio version of the digital textversion of the query is incorrect the automated operator may transferthe call to a live operator or transcriber.

Upon receiving confirmation that the user's query has been correctlyconverted to a digital text version of the query the receiving 222 aquery step is complete. The automated operator will present a scriptindicating that the search on the query may be conducted with the aid ofa guide, without the aid of a guide, i.e using automatically generatedresults, or both automatically and with the aid of a guide in order topresent 224 first through third options to the user. The automatedoperator will present a vocal menu indicating the available options andrequest that the user indicate their desired choice of search options.The indication of the desired search options may be made by the userproviding a voice prompt conforming to a scripted menu of voice promptswhich may be recognized by the AVR or by requesting that the userindicate their desired option choice by pressing specific buttons oftheir touch tone phone. The user's input is utilized to determine 226whether the first or third option is selected. Once confirmation isreceived that the digital text version of the query is correct and theuser's desired option for the manner in which the search is to beconducted is determined, searching is conducted in the manner describedabove and in the incorporated U.S. patent application Ser. Ser. No.11/336,928.

FIGS. 12A and 12B illustrate interfaces 240 and 260 for executing searchrelated functions. As shown in FIG. 12A, the interface 240 includes abutton 242 having an option 244 for displaying selectable options, asearch field 246 for entering a query, a search button 248, a searchwith guide button 250, a logon link 254 and an update button 256. Theinterface 240 includes a display portion 252 indicating a number ofguides registered to the system 20 (FIG. 1). For example, at any giventime, thousands of guides may be registered to handle searches receivedby the system 20 (FIG. 1) and may be indicated using a string having acurrent version of an application and an integer representative of thenumber of registered guides.

The search button 248 enables a search without necessitating assistancefrom guide(s) and the search with guide button 250 enables submission ofa query to guide(s) registered to the system 20 (FIG. 1) to handlesearches. Accordingly, a user is provided with an option of submitting aquery for a guide assisted search via the search with guide button 250or executing a search without necessarily submitting the query to aguide using the search button 248. The interface 240 indicates whenthere is an update as indicated by the update button 256 and includesthe login link 254 that directs a user to the system 20 (FIG. 1).Although access to the system 20 (FIG. 1) is illustrated using the loginlink 254 in FIG. 12A, access to the system 20 may be triggered, forexample, by selecting a menu option.

The interface 260 shown in FIG. 12B includes selectable menu options 262including a GUI component 264 triggering access to the system 20(FIG. 1) and an option button 266 that directs a user to the system 20when selected and a query field 246 a. As shown in FIG. 12B, the GUIcomponent 264 and the option button 266 may be added to existinginterfaces such as toolbars provided by search engines (i.e., Yahoo®,MSN®, etc.,) or other similar interfaces to invoke functions of thesystem 20 (FIG. 1). For example, the option button 266 and aninstallation script may be created using an application programinterface (API) of a conventional search engine where the installationscript resides in an XML document on a web server that may be linked toa web site of the system 20 (FIG. 1).

When a user selects the option button 266, a query entered in the queryfield 246 a may be captured and sent to the system 20 (FIG. 1). Theoption button 266 may also be provided with a mouseover functionindicating a search capability of the system 20 (with or without aguide). The GUI component 264 may be embedded into existing selectablemenu options 262 using, for example, Firefox installer. Further,interfaces 240 and 260 may be implemented using with conventionalbrowsers Internet Explorer (Win), IE 7 (Win), Firefox 1.5 (Win/Mac) orother applications with similar capabilities.

FIG. 13 illustrates interface 280 for executing searches. As shown inFIG. 13, the interface 280 includes a toolbar 282 using which a user mayrequest a search without necessitating guide assistance and a searchwith a guide subsequent to being presented with results of a search. Asexplained with respect to FIGS. 7C and 7D, a user may submit a querywhere automated results using algorithmically-selected and/orhuman-selected resources may be provided. The user may then use thetoolbar 282 shown in FIG. 13 to submit the query for conducting a searchwith a guide. Alternatively, the user may subsequently select a “searchwith a guide” or “give me a live guide now” button on the web page orpages of automated results.

FIG. 14 illustrates a user interface 300 for providing automated resultswith an option for requesting a guide-assisted search. For example, ifafter pre-filtering by an automated search, the system 20 (FIG. 1)determines that a user desires to perform a human-assisted search, theinterface 300 shown in FIG. 14 is presented to the user. As shown inFIG. 14, the user interface 300 includes a results window 301 forpresenting automated search results and a window 303 for providing anadvertisement relevant to the topic. The user may then select to searchwith a guide using a button 302 (or other similar mechanism) forsubmitting the query to a guide.

Accordingly, optional use of human guide(s) for a search is providedwhere a user selects between submitting a query to human guide(s),initiating the search without assistance from the human guide(s), or acombination of both.

The many features and advantages of the embodiments are apparent fromthe detailed specification and, thus, it is intended by the appendedclaims to cover all such features and advantages of the embodiments thatfall within the true spirit and scope thereof. Further, since numerousmodifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in theart, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact constructionand operation illustrated and described for the disclosed embodiments,and accordingly all suitable modifications and equivalents may beresorted to, falling within the scope thereof. It will further beunderstood that the phrase “at least one of A, B and C” may be usedherein as an alternative expression that means “one or more of A, B andC.”

This application is related to and claims the benefit of U.S.application Ser. No. 60/807,420, filed Jul. 14, 2006, inventor Scott A.Jones, et al., titled A SEARCH TOOL PROVIDING OPTIONAL USE OF HUMANSEARCH GUIDES and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No.11/336,928, titledA SCALABLE SEARCH SYSTEM USING HUMAN SEARCHERS,inventor Scott A. Jones, filed Jan. 23, 2006 and U.S. application Ser.No. 11/469,732 titledA SEARCH TOOL PROVIDING OPTIONAL USE OF HUMANSEARCH GUIDES, inventor Scott A. Jones, filed Sep. 1, 2006, in theUnited States Patent and Trademark Office, the disclosures of both allof which are incorporated herein by reference.

1. A method, comprising: allowing a user to enter a query and selectbetween a human assisted search and an automated search; and initiatinga search responsive to the selection.
 2. The method according to claim1, further comprising: returning information generated by at least onehuman guide in response to the search when the user selects the humanassisted search.
 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a resultfor the search is generated using stored information when the userselects the automated search.
 4. The method according to claim 3,wherein the stored information is a response to a previous request ordata gathered by a human guide for responding to requests.
 5. The methodaccording to claim 1, wherein the user selects between the humanassisted search and the automated search via selectable options providedin a single window.
 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein theautomated search is executed using a previously selected resource. 7.The method according to claim 6, wherein the resource is selected by ahuman guide.
 8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:extracting one or more keywords from the query; and determining asubject matter of the query based on the one or more keywords.
 9. Themethod according to claim 8, wherein the human guide selecting theresource is registered to conduct searches related to the one or morekeywords.
 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the resource isutilized by a predetermined number of human guides registered to conductsearches related to the one or more keywords.
 11. A method, comprising:allowing a user to enter a query; and initiating an automated searchusing the query, where an option to select a human assisted search forthe query is offered after the automated search on said query has beenperformed.
 12. A method of searching, comprising: submitting a query toa human guide to conduct a search for a user requesting assistance withthe search; and enabling the user to initiate the search withoutassistance of the human guide when the user does not request assistancewith the search.
 13. A method of providing optional use of a human guidefor a search, comprising: determining whether a query is requested to besubmitted to the human guide; and generating a first result based on areal-time search conducted by the human guide or a second result basedon stored information in accordance with said determining.
 14. A methodof submitting a query, comprising: providing selectable options forsubmitting a query; and directing the query to a human guide for asearch upon selection of a first of the selectable options and executingthe search without requiring the human guide upon selection of a secondof the selectable options.
 15. An interface, comprising: a query fieldfor entering a query to be searched; and a selection control indicatingwhether the query is to be searched by one of a human or automatically.16. The interface according to claim 15, wherein the selection controlcomprises: a guide assisted search button initiating a guide assistedsearch; and an automatic search engine search button initiating a searchengine search.
 17. The interface according to claim 16, wherein theselection control further comprises a guide assisted and automaticsearch engine search button initiating both the guide assisted searchand the search engine search.
 18. A system, comprising: a user machineallowing a user to enter a query and select one of an automated andhuman assisted search; and a system initiating a search responsive tothe selection.
 19. A method, comprising: allowing a user to enter aquery and select between a human assisted search, an automated searchand both the human assisted search and the automated search; andinitiating a search responsive to the selection.
 20. A search apparatusfor providing optional use of human search guides, comprising: a storagedevice maintaining a record of default or previously used resources inassociation with a keyword and at least one resource selected by asystem administrator, said maintaining including resources used andselected by human search guides; a user device providing a first optionfor submitting a request to one or more of the human search guides and asecond option for initiating a search without said submitting; a serverprocessing the search request using the recorded default or previouslyused resources based on a keyword of the search request and without saidsubmitting, where the user device enables resubmission of the searchrequest using the first option when the second option is initiallyselected.
 21. A search method, comprising: receiving a query; andproviding a first option of submitting the query to request a humanguide assistance for a search and a second option of conducting thesearch without requesting said human guide assistance.
 22. The searchmethod according to claim 21, wherein predefined resources are utilizedto return automated results when the second option is selected.
 23. Amethod, comprising: receiving a query for a search; and returningresults from information maintained by at least one search engine upondetermining that a user has selected an automated search from selectablesearch options including a human guide assistance for the search.
 24. Amethod according to claim 23, wherein the results are obtained usingspidering, indexing or page ranking.
 25. A method, comprising: allowinga user to enter a query in an interface linked to a first destination;and redirecting the query to a second destination when designated by theuser.
 26. The method according to claim 25, wherein the designatingcomprises the user activating a search with guide button.